Conditionals and loops

Conditionals

if/else

Spicy has if statements which can optionally contain else branches.

global x: uint64 = 4711;

if (x > 100) {
    print "%d > 100" % x;
} else if (x > 10) {
    print "%d > 10" % x;
} else if (x > 1) {
    print "%d > 1" % x;
} else {
    print x;
}

switch

To match a value against a list of possible options the switch statement can be used.

type Flag = enum {
    OFF = 0,
    ON = 1,
};

global flag = Flag::ON;

switch (flag) {
    case Flag::ON: print "on";
    case Flag::OFF: print "off";
    default: print "???";
}

In contrast to its behavior in e.g., C, in Spicy

• there is no fall-through in switch, i.e., there is an implicit break after each case,
• switch cases are not restricted to literal integer values; they can contain any expression,
• if no matching case or default is found, a runtime error is raised.

Loops

Spicy offers two loop constructs:

• for for loops over collections
• while for raw loops

global xs = vector("a", "b", "c");

for (x in xs)
    print x;

global i = 0;

while (i < 3) {
    print i;
    ++i;
}